The United Nations Human Rights office has raised concerns over the reported mass detention of protesters, opposition leaders, lawyers, journalists and civil society members in Delhi, calling on Indian authorities to release anyone arbitrarily detained and exercise restraint amid a sweeping security crackdown on demonstrations demanding the resignation of Chief Election Commissioner Gyanesh Kumar.
In a statement on Saturday, October 10, the UN body said it was concerned about detentions before and during large-scale protests in the national capital. The demonstrations, organised by the Cockroach Janta Party (CJP) and others, were linked to allegations and concerns surrounding the Election Commission’s Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls.
“We are concerned by reports of mass detentions in India of demonstrators, protest leaders, members of civil society organisations, lawyers and journalists, before and during today’s large-scale demonstrations in Delhi,” UN Human Rights body said.
The office stressed that restrictions on peaceful demonstrations must satisfy strict tests of necessity and proportionality. It urged the authorities to ensure that law enforcement personnel exercised “utmost restraint” and called for meaningful dialogue to address protesters’ concerns, citing India’s democratic traditions and human rights obligations.
The intervention places the handling of the protests under international scrutiny as opposition parties accuse the government of suppressing dissent. The Indian government has rejected the UN office’s concerns as misplaced, according to subsequent reports.
More Than 7,000 Detained as Delhi Sees Massive Security Deployment
More than 7,000 protesters were reportedly detained across Delhi as police and paramilitary personnel moved to prevent demonstrators from reaching Jantar Mantar, where the CJP had planned a mobilisation demanding Gyanesh Kumar’s resignation.
The security operation involved more than 30,000 police and paramilitary personnel, according to reports. Barricades were erected across Lutyens’ Delhi, and authorities conducted checks at border points, railway stations, bus terminals, hotels and other sensitive locations. Several metro stations were also closed, disrupting movement across parts of the capital.
Police repeatedly announced that people and mediapersons should not assemble in groups at Jantar Mantar. Authorities also monitored social media for attempts to mobilise demonstrators, with more than 200 content creators reportedly under scrutiny over online posts and messages connected to the proposed protest.
Tensions escalated near Akashwani Bhawan on Imtiaz Ali Marg at around 1 pm, when a group allegedly threw stones at security personnel, injuring two police officers. The protesters were detained, and a senior police officer said multiple first information reports could be registered in connection with the incident.
Police also detained people at Hanuman Temple, Safdarjung Flyover and Kerala House, as well as demonstrators who managed to reach Jantar Mantar.
CJP convener Abhijit Dipke and party members Saurav Das and Ashutosh Ranka were detained at Delhi airport after arriving from Mumbai, according to reports. In a video shared by the party, Dipke could be heard telling officers who entered the aircraft: “We are here to be arrested, come and arrest us.”
Police had informed CJP leaders that permission had not been granted for the Jantar Mantar demonstration. Dipke criticised the detentions, alleging that party leaders were being treated like criminals and describing the action as authoritarian.
YouTuber Dhruv Rathee, who lives abroad and had travelled to India to join the demonstration, was detained from his residence in Gurugram’s Sector 56, according to reports.
The crackdown extended beyond activists and party workers, drawing prominent political figures into the dispute.
Opposition Leaders Detained, Sonam Wangchuk Issues Warning
Several opposition leaders were reportedly detained as they attempted to join the demonstration from different parts of Delhi. Those named in reports included former Delhi chief minister Arvind Kejriwal of the Aam Aadmi Party, West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee of the Trinamool Congress, Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan of the CPI(M), and former Tripura chief minister Manik Sarkar of the CPI(M).
The detentions prompted sharp criticism from opposition parties. Congress president Mallikarjun Kharge accused the Narendra Modi government of turning the “mother of democracy” into a “muzzled democracy”, alleging that the BJP and RSS were displaying cowardice through the crackdown.
Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha Rahul Gandhi expressed solidarity with young protesters and urged them to continue their demonstrations. He challenged Prime Minister Narendra Modi to arrest all the protesters, saying they would continue their fight to defend the Constitution and protect the voice of the Indian people.
Activist Sonam Wangchuk also warned of a possible protest if those detained were not released within 24 hours. Wangchuk had previously joined a 36-day CJP agitation at Jantar Mantar over the NEET paper leak issue. That protest ended on July 25 following the resignation of Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan, according to the supplied reports.
The earlier agitation had also witnessed unrest during a march towards Parliament on July 20, when security personnel attempted to stop demonstrators.
The mobilisation spread to Mumbai, where police detained around 400 people at different locations for allegedly protesting without permission in solidarity with the Delhi demonstrations. Those reportedly detained included actor Imran Khan, activist Tushar Gandhi and CPI(M) workers. Demonstrations took place at August Kranti Maidan, Hutatma Chowk and other locations.
In Delhi, authorities maintained heightened security, deploying more than 120 companies of Central Armed Police Forces to assist local police. Mock drills were conducted at several locations to assess preparedness, while liquor shops across the capital were closed as a precautionary measure.
‘Unwarranted Response’: MEA
India’s External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar’s office pushed back against the UN Human Rights office’s criticism, with India’s Permanent Mission to the UN in Geneva describing the concerns as “misplaced” and an “unwarranted interference” in the country’s internal affairs.
In a statement posted on X on Saturday, October 10, India said the right to peaceful assembly was guaranteed by the Constitution and safeguarded by robust democratic institutions, an independent judiciary and a free media. It added that demonstrations, as in other democracies, were subject to reasonable restrictions in the interest of public order, maintained that authorities acted in accordance with the law and said courts remained available to address grievances.
India also urged the UN body to devote comparable attention to large-scale protests elsewhere, citing the principles of impartiality and non-selectivity.
The UN Human Rights office’s intervention has added an international dimension to the controversy over the handling of dissent and the proposed electoral-roll revision. Its central demand is that authorities respect the right to peaceful assembly, ensure proportionality in law enforcement and release those arbitrarily detained.
The immediate questions are how many of those detained will remain in custody, whether formal cases will be registered against protesters and how the authorities will respond to demands for dialogue over the SIR exercise. The episode has intensified the political confrontation over electoral fraud allegations, civil liberties and the right to protest.